Rotary water-pressure motor.



PATENTED FEB. 4, 1908.

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P T OOFFIELD ROTARY WATER PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION PXLED AUG. 3. 1907.

Unrrnn srarns FATE Wren PETER T. COFFTELD, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO P. T. COFFIELD & SON, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A'FIRM.

ROTARY WATER-PRESSURE MOTOR.

Specification of Letters'Patent.

Patented Fen i, reoe.

- Application filed August 3.1907. Serial No. 386.870.

ful Improvements in Rotary Water-Pressure Motors; and I do declare'the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the ac companying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in rotary pressure motors adapted to be driven by the water pressure from a hydrant or fan cet. In motors of this type, the problem has been to construct a motor so that the energizing fluid cannot pass the rotatingpiston or the valves at any point of its movementand flow to the exhaust passage without exercising any energy against the piston. A very small amount of sli when the water supply is limited, willde eat the operations of the motor. v

It is therefore, the object of the invention to so'construct the motor that the water will be controlled and revented from escaping to the exhaust until the full pressure thereof has been exerted to drive the iston..

In many localities thecost oi water is considerable and its Waste is to be avoided, therefore, a further object ofthe invention is to provide a motor which will utilize the full orce of the water and avoid any-waste there'- of, and at the same time-a motor of such simplicity that it can be built at a comparatively small cost, and combines a minimum Weight occupies a minimum amount of space, and is an economical user of water-- A rotary ty e of motor designed to use energizing ilui under pressure must have means for trapping the energizing lluid in-the rear of therotating piston, to form an abutment to hold the fluid as it flows into the cyl'-', inder to force the piston in its movements. It has been found extremely diflicult to. provide means for trapping the fluid as above in dieated, and at the same time prevent it from passing the piston as said piston passes the )oints where the means for trapping the fluid are located. It will be understood that should the fluid pass the piston at such points, it will escape freely through the exhaust-or outlet and interfere with the operations of the motor. To prevent this escape of the fluid at the points wherethe piston passes the trapping devices, I have employed the following instrumentalities in a casing having suitable pockets andswinging' valves, a doublepiston or the equivalent of two pistons placed at such distance apart that the first piston, or the one moving in advance of the other, will have passed a driver or swinging valve and its pocket before the second or rear-ward piston has reached the same, so

that the Water will be held by the first piston and packing while'the second piston is passing. This overcomes the necessity of providing diflicult acking at these points and avoids the troubles heretofore experienced. Those who are familiar with the problems pe- 'culiar to this type of motor, will recognize the importance of controlling the energizing fluid in such a manner that the inlet to the motor will at no time be open to the exhaust; with these exigencies in view I have provided an inlet port in the rearward or second piston near the wall .of the cylinder so that the drivers or swinging valves will be pressed toward the piston by-the water pressure imn'iediately after said drivers or valves start from their positions in the ockets Where they have been driven by the net or forward piston as it was passing such point.

The exhaustport is located 111 the cylinder ortion of the piston,-said cylinder portion eing common to both pistons, and said exhaust port being near the base of the first piston and slightly in advance of it. The water enters through an opening in the side of the hollow piston shaft to the inlet port in thesecond or rearward iston. On each side of the inlet port in said placed a packing gland with suitable packing hollow shaft there is to prevent the water from passing into the exhaust on the one side and'from entering the cylinder around the shaft on the other side, so that all the water must pass into the motor through the proper port where its full force can be utilized. The object of locating the inlet port in the side of the hollow shaft instead of the end of saidshaft, is to avoid pressure against the end of the shaft, which would be equal to the pressure per square inch exerted on the piston. This end pressure would tend to lessen the efficiency of the motor and cause it to wear out of alinement which are features to be avoided.

Preceding amore detailed description of the properdistance apart in order that the the invention, reference is made to .the accompanying'drawings, of which Figurel, 1s a longitudinal sectional view on the line 11'of Fig. 2. Fig.2, is a cross section on. the line 2-'2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a section on the line 4- 401? Fig. 2

In' a detail. description of the invention, similar reference characters, indicate corresponding arts. I I

The cyhnd'ricalmotor casingAhas its inner periphery providediwith a series of ockets a.

The ends 'of said casing are incl'o'se by cylinder heads B B having their inner sides pro- "vided with a similar number of pockets 1).

which register with the pockets a inthe cylinder or casing. The heads B B have outward tubular extenions C C. As the motor is illustrated, there are three pockets formed as. above indicated in the cylindrical casing and heads, and hin ed in each ofsaid pockets after the manner oi swinging valve D. Each of these valves is com osed of suitable packing or-leather which lies etween two plates and eachI-valve-i's pivoted in the cylinder heads ate. Extending- "outwardly from the; pockets a is a similar number of s ring pockets (1. provided for coil springs whidii' exert an inward pressure upon t e drivers or swinging valves D. As before stated, the, journals of these valves are mounted in thecylinder heads so that when said valves are in their inner positions,they en-' gage shoulders f in the cylinder heads. These vshouldersf are formed in'the pockets b in the cylinder heads and they act as valve seats for the valves when said valves move to their inner positions and thus thewater is prevent? "ed? from escaping around'the valvesand the motor is ;made perfectly water-tight,'- while the drivers or swinging valves fit loosely in their pockets.

I It will'be understood that the three drivers or swinging valves are extended at their' ends into the ockets b inthe cylinder heads, and that-said pockets meet the] ocketsin the cylinder or motor casing an provide seats for the valves as before indicated.

The piston comprises twomembers E and F," one of which moves in advance of the other and both of which are united to 'acylindrical portion G through which the inlet and outlet to and from the motor takes place. The c lindrical portion of the double piston d es two chambers H and iI with a diviiston to the solid shaft portion said end of the hollow shaft portion The solid shaft portion .K of the piston" is the shatt through which the ower is transmitted, and thehollow shaft 1. isthe portion through whichtheinlet and outlet from the motor takes place.- I

The double piston E and F is placed at t. near the wall of the cylinder A. T e water enters the motor through an inlet pipe h conthe hol ow shaft L of the a flap valve is a driver or.

for' the outer packing by the cap nut.

niot'or exhausts:

first or advancing piston E will have passed a swinging valve D and its pocket before the second piston F reaches the same, and the water will be prevented from escaping at any period during which it is exerting a driving pressure upon the second or rearward p1ston. The second piston F, as well as the first lpiston is provided with suitable packing he inlet port 9 in the second iston is nected with the I hydrant or faucet (notshown.) The ipe it connects with a nozzle 01: onthe tubu ar extension C of one of the cylinder heads. This tubular extension C I also has 'a port m which registers with the inlet pi e h and with a port n'in the side of is'ton. The port a communicateswitha 0 number 0 in said hollow shaft, and said chamber 0 communicates with the inlet chamber I of the piston. The chamber .0 is inclosed at its outer side by the end wall of the-hollow shaft. The water enteging'the chamber 0 through the port a pass s directly tojthe interior of the second the port g'to expend its force against said piston. The-arrow in Fig. '2. indicates the direction ofthe piston movement resulting from the inflow "o'f water to-the chamber l and thence through the port'g. The water istrapped by the' lower driver or swinging valve D whichv is in contact with the cylindrical portion of the piston with its ends seated on the seatsf in the cylinder heads. It will thus be seen that the water enters the axis of th e piston and .fiows directly to a point behind the second piston and is there" trapped. When the second piston F passes a swinging valve and its pocket-,the spring initially-moves the valve inwardly to be engaged by the current of water passing'o'ut oi" the port 9 and the force of said water-promptly moves. saidyvalve to the-limit of its inward movement on the seats f. The hollow shaft .l/of the piston is surrounded by packing q,

the innerv packing abutting against an annularflange or shoulder 7' on the cylinder head. This shoulder or flange 1' lies on the outer side-of a corresponding shoulder s join- 3 ing the piston and the hollow shaft ortion of the-piston, and the shoulderr -re ieves the piston from any end pressure due to the in- I coming water.. A similar seat is rovided which screws'into the end oithe hollow extension C of the head. This cap 'nut' M has an outlet pipe N 'oine'd thereto through which the I Engaging, the inner sides of the packing qaare two metallic glands t which are, separated by distance ins a which.

maintain said packing on each si' e of the inlet orts mand n. The pressure or the incommg water has an effect to. maintain these or rearward piston member F and through packing and not upon t, e piston.

aust water is carried from the motor these devices the piston is entirely "relieved of any end pressure, the Water pressure being exerted equally'onthe acking glands and The exthrough the extreme. end of the hollow shaft L, entering this portion of the shaft from the outlet chamber H in the piston. The said outletcha-mber receives the exhaust from the motor cylinder throughan exhaust port P in the cylindrical portionlof the piston, and

from the chamber H the water enters the passage to in the hollow shaft and passes through the endof said shaft. to the outlet pipe N from whence it is conducted to the sink or drain by a'rubber hose or other suitable piping (not shown-l The solid ortion K ofthe piston shaft passes throug a stufiing box formed by the c lindrical extension C of the head on that side of the motor, and an internal nut T which screws into said cylindrical extension and between which nut and the cylindrical portion ot the piston a packingvring R is placed. The internal nut T engages the packing ring and is locked by a jam nut S.

From Fig. 2 it will be seen that the water is preventedfrom escaping while exerting its pressure upon the piston. This is due to the arrangement of one piston in advance of the other, the one moving in advance of the other being adapted to pass a valve and" pocket before the second or rearward piston I reaches the same. The result is, the water is held by the first piston and its packing, while the second piston is passing a pocket and valve and vice versa.

While I have shown the piston as consist ing of two distinct members and F, each of which is provided with suitable packing, I do not desire to limit myself to this par ticular construction of a double piston, for it can be-readily seen that the space between the two members ,of the piston may be occupied or filled by a moving part of the piston and thus the idea of two separate piston members might' be eliminated, It may be stated, however, that if it were possible to construct the piston so that the space between the two piston members might be occupied by an integral part or parts of-the piston, it would be necessary to employthe two separate packings to seal the motor cylinder in the manner hereinbefore specified.

The novel construction by which thepressure due to the incoming water is utilized to glands pressed firmly keep the packing against the packing, is also a feature that I wish to claim broadly, as a means of selfchamber from the inlet chambe other means necessary to keep the packing tight, the water pressure drivlng the glands apart and compressing the packingto the proper degree. I

Another important feature of the invention which 1 desire to emphasizefis-a construction and arrangement of" swinging valves which have a free and easy moven ent, and seat substantially like the'valve in a pump I claim:

1'. In a'rotary pressure motor, a casing having two or more ockets-,a.driver or swingingvalve located in eacli pocket, a double piston rotatable in said casing and adapted to seal the motor and to prevent slip or Waste of fluid while passing anyone of said drivers or swin ing valves, and-means for supplying and ex ans-ting thewater to and from the motor.

2. in a rotar'ypressure inotor, a casing,

piston rotatable in said casing, the shaft carrying said piston having inlet and. exhaust passages therein through which the supply and discharge of fluid to and from the motor takes alace.

n a rotary pressure motor, acasing having pockets therein, drivers or swinging valves-in said pockets, a double piston rotatable in said casing, a central shaft carrying said double piston and provided with inlet and'exhaust passages and a double-gland st'ufling box. 1} 1 i 4.1111 a rotarypressurej motor, a casing having pockets therein, drivers or swinging valves in said pockets, and adoublepiston .cooperatingwith said valves and pockets to prevent slip or waste of fluid atany point in the rotation of, the piston, and means for supplying and exhai isting the motive fluid.

I 5 In a rotary pressure motor-,- a cylinder having pockets, swinging valves in said pockets, springs exerting inward pressure onsaid valves, and a double. piston in the cylinder adapted to moveeachvalve outwardly in passingthe same, and permitting said valve to move inwardly when passed by said piston and thereby prevent slipor waste of fluid when the piston is passing the pockets in the cylinder, and means for supplying andexhausting the. motive fluid.

ii. in a rotary pressure motor, a casing having pockets therein, a swinging valve in each pocket, a piston rotatable in said casing and having two packed, portions one moving in advance of the. other to seal the exhaust when the piston is passing a pocket, and nieans'for supplying and exhausting the motive fluid.

'2'. in a rotary pressure motor, a casing having-pockets therein, a swinging valve in each pocket, a piston. rotatable in said casing adjustment of these parts which render 'n'o and having two packed portions one moving 3 in advance of the other to. seal the exhaust chamber from the inlet chamber when the piston is passing a pocket, thepiston'having a hollow shaft with inlet and outlet passages therein.

8. In a rotary pressure motor, a casing having a series of pockets", a swinging valve in each pocket, a piston rotatable insaid .casing', said piston having packing at two different points, one moving in advance of the other to seal the exhaustv chamber from the inlet chamber when the piston is passing a pocket, and means for supplying and ex-' hausting the motive fluid.

9. In a rotary pressure motor, a casing having a seriesof pockets therein, an inclosing head for each end of said'casing, saidinelosing head having pockets registering with those-in the casing, swinging valves'located.

in said pockets, the ends of 'said valves having seats in the pockets in the heads, a rotatable piston having two separate packings ,on'e moving in advanceof' the other to seal the exhaust chamber from. the inlet chamber when the piston is passing a pocket, and means for supplying and exhausting the motive fluid. I H I 10. In a rotary pressure motor, a casing having a series of pockets therein, inclosing heads for said casing having pooketsregistering with the pockets in theeasing, swinging valves in said pockets, the-ends of said valves having seats in the pockets 'in the heads, and a'double piston rotatable in said casing and cooperating with the valves'and their pockets to seal. the exhaust chamber from the inlet chamber when the rearwardportion of the piston is passing a pocket, and

means for supplying and exhausting the motive fluid.

11. In a rotary pressure motor, a cylinder" having pockets therein, a driver or swinging valve in each p'ocket,-a-double piston revolving in said casing and'i'adapted toseal the assing apocket' fluid while the piston is said piston having. "a hol owshaft divided into two non-communicatin chambers, one of said chambers receiving he inlet of fluid through the side of'the shaft,- and the other theexhaust through.

chamber discharging the end of the shaft. p

12. In a rotarypressure motor, a' casing having pockets therein, a swinging valve in' each pocket, a piston rotatable in said. casing having two packed portions one moving in advance of the other to sealthe exhaust 'chan'iher' from the inlet chamber when the piston is passing a pocket, said piston hav ing an inlet portnear the wall of the casing, and itsoutlet port near the axisof the piston.

13. In a rotary pressure motor, a casing having pockets therein, and inclosing heads members extending from a cylindri said cylindrical body having a hollow shaft 'mentofthe packing with pockets registering'with the pockets in the casing, s'win ing valves locatedin said pockets, the poo ets in the incl'osing heads providing seats for the ends of the valves, a double iston revolving insaid casing and adapted to seal the motor and prevent slip or waste of fluid while the piston ispassing a pocket, and means for supplying and exhausting the motive fiuid. 1

14.'In a'rotary pressiire' motor, a cylindrical casin havin pooketstherein, inclosing heads or sai casing havin pockets registering with the pockets in t e casin swinging valves in said pockets, a doub e piston rotatable in said casing, one member of. said isto'n being adapted to pass a valve and pocet before the second member of the piston reaches" the same, and means for supplying and exhausting the motive fluid.

, i 15. In a rotary pressure motor, a casing having a series of pockets, in'closing heads having a corresponding series of pockets registering with those in the casing, a swinging valve in each of .saidpockets adapted to seat in the pockets in the inclosing heads, a

16. In a rotary pressure motor; a casing having -pockets ,therein,1inclosing heads for said'ficasing1 with pockets [registering with those in t e casing, a swing ng val te pivoted 'in the, hea'ds'and lying withiiilsaid pockets, the pockets in the heads providing seats for the ends of the valves,. a rotatable, piston having: one portion; moving in. ad-

vance of the other and sealing the motor against slip or. leaka e,- s'ra'hi"p ston having a hollow. shaft "through the side of which the inlet port is provided 'and; through the end of which the exhaust passa 'e; is rovided, packing surrounding said-ho ow s aft and abutting against a g'flange on one of the heads, and. acap nut'forming an abutment for'the outer packin packing glands engaging said packing ofi each side of the inlet p011]; v v

- testimony. whereof I afix my signature,

in presence of two witnesses.

'rnrnnyr. oorrninn Witnesses:

JAMEs L. Germain, R. J..-. McCAR'rY. 

